When her children, trembling with fear, ask where the family can go to escape Israel’s continued bombardment in southern Gaza’s Khan Yunis area, Umm Ahmed has no answer.
In her small, devastated village near Khan Yunis city, recent Israeli drone and artillery strikes shattered the tenuous sense of peace delivered by a ceasefire that has largely held since October 10.
Residents say the strikes have targeted neighbourhoods east of the so-called Yellow Line — a demarcation established under the truce between Israel and Hamas.
The Israeli military says its troops are deployed in the area in accordance with the ceasefire framework, accusing Hamas of “crossing the Yellow Line and carrying out terrorist activities”.
More than two years after Hamas’s October 7 attack on Israel sparked a devastating war, tens of thousands of Gazans still live in tents or damaged homes in these areas, where the Israeli army maintains control and operates checkpoints.
Now, many fear being forced from their homes, compelled to move west of the Yellow Line.
“We don’t sleep at night because of fear. The bombardments in the east are relentless,” said Umm Ahmed, 40.
“My children tremble at every explosion and ask me, ‘Where can we go?’ And I have no answer.”
Her home in Bani Suheila has been completely destroyed, yet the family has stayed, pitching a tent beside the ruins.
“Staying close to our destroyed home is easier than facing the unknown,” Umm Ahmed said.
Crossing the Yellow Line to Al-Mawasi, west of Khan Yunis, is not an option for them.
There, makeshift camps stretch as far as the eye can see, housing tens of thousands of Palestinians who fled the fighting.
“There is no place left for anyone there, and not enough food or water,” Umm Ahmed said, as Gaza remains trapped in a catastrophic humanitarian crisis.
The Israeli military blames continued threats from Hamas for its actions in the area.
“The IDF’s current operations in Gaza, and their deployment in the Yellow Line area in particular, are carried out to address direct threats from terrorist organisations in Gaza,” the Israeli military said in a statement to AFP.
The war in Gaza began with Hamas’s attack on Israel on October 7, 2023 that resulted in the deaths of 1,221 people, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally based on official Israeli figures.
Since the war began, more than 70,000 people have been killed in Gaza, according to the Hamas-run territory’s health ministry.
The vast majority of Gaza’s more than two million residents were displaced during the war, many multiple times.
A fragile ceasefire has been in place since October 10, though both sides regularly accuse each other of violations.
Under the truce, Israeli forces withdrew to positions east of the Yellow Line.
Earlier this month, Israeli army chief Lieutenant General Eyal Zamir described the Yellow Line as the “new border line” with Israel.
“The Yellow Line is a new border line — serving as a forward defensive line for our communities and a line of operational activity,” he said to reserve soldiers in Gaza.
For Palestinian officials, the line is seen as a tool for permanent displacement.
“The objective is to frighten residents, expel them from their areas, and force them west,” said Alaa al-Batta, mayor of Khan Yunis, denouncing the bombardments as “violations of the ceasefire agreement”.
Mahmud Baraka, 45, from Khuzaa, east of Khan Yunis, described constant artillery fire and home demolitions in the area.
“It feels like we are still living in a war zone,” he said.
“Explosions happen as if they are right next to us. The objective of the occupation is clear: to intimidate us and drive us out, so the region is emptied.”
For now, residents feel trapped between bombardment and displacement, uncertain how long they can endure.
Despite the danger, Abdel Hamid, 70, refuses to leave his home located north of Khan Yunis, where he lives with his five children. “We will not leave… this is our land,” he said.
“Moving would not be a solution, but yet another tragedy.”