Alizar Sajjad & Saud Bin Ahsen

The “National Hazardous Waste Management (NHWM) Policy, 2022” aims to ensure compliance with Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) concerning hazardous waste. It is therefore essential to critically examine this policy to identify various regulatory, infrastructural, technological, financial, and ethical issues that may prevent its effective implementation. Scott explains institutions as comprising regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive elements […]

The second section of this op-ed series presents a critique of the NHWM Policy within the framework of John Kingdon’s Streams Model, which illustrates how policies are formed, adopted, and implemented. It conceptualises the policy process through three streams: the problem stream, the policy stream, and the political stream. It also distinguishes between participants in […]

The third and final part focuses both on avenues of trade as well as bottlenecks which are hindering commercial ties for Pakistani investors. Africa imports 40 percent of its grain from Russia. This is despite 65 percent of global arable land being on the African continent. This presents significant trade and investment opportunities, driven by […]

Pakistan enjoys friendly relations with most of the African countries. These relations are based on historical linkages, common beliefs and shared developmental goals. Pakistan played a key role during the decolonization of important African countries, hence, the leadership of Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, South Africa, Eritrea, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Libya acknowledge Pakistan’s contribution in their independence […]

During the last two decades of the 20th century, Africa’s collective economy experienced minimal growth. However, by the late 1990s, the continent began to show signs of change. GDP growth accelerated significantly and continued to rise rapidly. Today, while Asia’s tiger economies maintain their swift expansion, the global economy is also witnessing the potential emergence […]