President Asif Ali Zardari signed off on the much-debated Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Bill, 2026, on Monday, along with six other bills that were passed by parliament.
According to a press release issued by the President’s Secretariat, the approved legislation includes the National Tariff Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2026; Export Development Fund (Amendment) Bill, 2026; Transfer of Railways (Amendment) Bill, 2026; Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Bill, 2026; Daanish Schools Authority Bill, 2026; Income Tax (Amendment) Bill, 2026; and the National Commission for Human Rights (Amendment) Bill, 2026.
Last week, a joint sitting of parliament passed the bills despite presidential objections, opposition protests and sloganeering in the House. The session was chaired by National Assembly Speaker Ayaz Sadiq.
During the sitting, President Zardari’s objections were formally raised on the Daanish Schools Authority Bill and the Domestic Violence Bill, with opposition lawmakers insisting that the president’s advice should not be ignored.
On the Daanish Schools bill, the president objected that the federal government should consult the provinces before establishing the authority.
On the domestic violence bill, he termed the legislation “vague” and raised concerns over the proposed punishments, advising that the bill should be reconsidered instead of being approved in its present form.
According to the newly approved Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Bill, domestic violence is broadly defined as any act of physical, emotional, psychological, sexual or economic abuse committed within a domestic relationship that causes fear or physical or psychological harm.
The law applies to abuse against women, men, transgender persons, children and other vulnerable individuals, and covers current or former domestic relationships, including within households.
The bill clarifies that if an act already falls under an offence in the Pakistan Penal Code, it will continue to be prosecuted under existing criminal law. However, acts not covered by the Penal Code will be treated as domestic violence under the new legislation.
The law lists physical abuse as acts causing bodily harm, while emotional and psychological abuse includes behaviour such as stalking, harassment, repeated humiliation, threats of violence, false allegations, abandonment, threats of divorce or second marriage, and coercion. Sexual abuse is defined as any conduct of a sexual nature that violates dignity, while economic abuse includes depriving a person of financial resources or restricting access to money or property they are legally entitled to.
Courts are required to consider the overall circumstances of each case when determining whether domestic violence has occurred.