Dr Zia Ul Haque Shamsi

Pakistan is at 75 now, with a population of 220 million people growing at a rate of two per cent. The country has nuclear capability, alongside strong conventional armed forces to defend its territorial integrity and sovereignty. However, society has not grown with the age of the state in accordance with the vision of our […]

In my previous article, the essentiality of political stability for economic security was discussed in detail. However, in this article, the significance of economic security as an element of human security that is extremely important for the national security of any sovereign state will be emphasised. Barry Buzan, an eminent scholar, pronounced three levels of […]

Political sloganeering during an election campaign is a usual phenomenon across the globe, because according to Carl Von Bismarck’s dictum, “Politics is the art of the possible.” For the same purpose, political actors design their campaigns to gain public support and come into power to supposedly serve the people. One such political campaign, which kept […]

The concept of hybrid war is not new, rather its tenets include all shades of kinetic and non-kinetic warfare. However, what is new is its scientific application artistically. The artistic mannerism of hybrid war deals mainly with intangible elements: psycho-social, mind-making, negative perception development and management. The primary objective of the executioner remains to create […]

The title is inspired by the phrase coined by Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and quoted by Ambassador Riaz Khokhar at a seminar on the Ukraine war organised by the Centre for Aerospace & Security Studies (CASS) on July 6, 2022. The war in Europe between Russia and Ukraine has entered its fifth month since […]

Populism, a concept developed in the 19th century, established itself as a social theory and drew strength from its ideals of representing common people against the elites. However, it ran out of steam in the debate of left and right, east and west, north and south, and the developed and developing societies. Therefore, this author […]

Inspired by the dictum of great Quaid, the Founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah about “Peace within and Peace without,” I am proposing a phrase “Enemy within and Enemy without,” particularly in the era of hybrid war or 5th Generation Warfare or Non-Kinetic Warfare, where the enemy remains invisible and unrecognisable. Moreover, the political environment […]

On June 8, 2022, the Centre for Aerospace & Security Studies (CASS), organised a seminar titled ‘Disruptive Technologies – Impact on Future Warfare’ in the capital city, Islamabad. The event was unique in the sense because the topic was equally challenging for the speakers as well as the audience. It was a full house from […]

The rise of the BJP, as a major political force, has been paralleled by the progressive decline of the Congress Party, which ruled India for forty-six years of its half a century post-independence age. The main factors underlying the decline of Congress revolve around its greed, lust and hunger for power. As a ruling party, […]

States are at risk of losing sovereignty more than territorial integrity when they expose their weaknesses to friends and foes alike because, in the realm of international relations, there are no permanent friends or permanent enemies. Lord Palmerston’s centuries-old dictum holds good even now and perhaps forever. The three pillars of Pakistan’s recently released National […]