Muslim-majority countries signal support for proposed Gaza stabilisation force

Published on: January 6, 2026 10:05 AM

Despite domestic and political challenges, most Muslim-majority countries involved in the Gaza peace process have expressed support for the proposed International Stabilisation Force (ISF) aimed at securing the besieged territory. Diplomats say that while participation carries significant risks at home, the alternative—ongoing bloodshed in Gaza—is far worse.

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The ISF, central to a US-backed “Phase 2” plan, would stabilise Gaza following a ceasefire, oversee demilitarisation, train a Palestinian police force, and enable limited reconstruction. Countries in discussions include Egypt, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkiye, the UAE, Indonesia, Azerbaijan, and Pakistan, though few have made formal troop commitments.

Diplomats stress that broad conceptual support exists but that final decisions hinge on unresolved issues such as the force’s mandate, authority, rules of engagement, and command structure. Participation may place states in politically sensitive positions, with potential domestic backlash, but officials argue it is necessary to prevent further humanitarian crises.

Israel has opposed Turkish participation due to Ankara’s historical support for Hamas. Saudi Arabia and the UAE have declined to contribute troops, though they remain engaged in planning discussions. Pakistan has indicated it would not participate in disarming Hamas. Meanwhile, Egypt and Qatar continue to coordinate on command structure and operational logistics.

Experts warn that without a credible ISF, Israel may maintain broad military freedom in Gaza, undermining reconstruction efforts and demilitarisation. Analysts including Dennis Ross and Neomi Neumann emphasise that the ISF’s success depends on immediate security stabilisation, gradual disarmament, and transfer of authority to a reformed Palestinian Authority.

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Diplomats say Muslim states are weighing the moral imperative against political risks, noting that without an international force on the ground, Gaza could face prolonged devastation. Discussions continue as Washington seeks a consensus among participating countries to clarify mandate, command, and operational roles.