Lahore has always known what it is. The question, for a long time, was whether its institutions knew it too. The Lahore Heritage Areas Revival, known as LAHAR, is the clearest answer yet. Under Chief Minister Punjab Maryam Nawaz Sharif, the program commits an estimated Rs 50 billion across phased interventions, treating the old city not as a relic to be preserved behind glass, but as living infrastructure to be revitalised.
The precedents are instructive. When Bologna restored its historic centre in the 1970s, it became the first city to treat heritage neighbourhood residents as stakeholders rather than obstacles, a model the UN later held as a global standard. When Medellín invested in public space and cultural infrastructure in its most neglected districts, it won the Urban Land Institute’s award for the world’s most innovative city in 2013. Istanbul’s Beyo?lu corridor, once congested and in decline, was transformed through pedestrianisation into one of Europe’s most visited urban stretches, anchoring Türkiye’s $ 46 billion heritage tourism economy. George Town in Penang earned UNESCO World Heritage status in 2008 and saw tourism revenues rise over 300 percent within a decade through the adaptive reuse of its shophouse districts. The lesson across all of them is consistent: cities that invest in their own identity tend to get it back, with interest.
LAHAR is built on the same logic. Tollinton Market’s rear precinct is being reimagined as Convent Garden, artisan shops, an organic café, two levels of underground parking, and a hybrid space where commerce and character coexist. London’s Covent Garden generates over 100 million Pounds annually from what was once a derelict wholesale market. The New Museum Block will house collections on ancient arms and armour, numismatics, Chinese civilisational heritage and Sikh history, framed through interactive digital installations. The Louvre Abu Dhabi attracted 1.5 million visitors in its first year alone, demonstrating what world-class museum infrastructure can do for a city not historically associated with cultural tourism. UNESCO places cultural tourism at 40 percent of all global tourism activity, within a sector projected to cross one trillion dollars annually by 2030. The World Bank finds that every dollar invested in heritage restoration returns up to four dollars in local economic activity. Türkiye earns 46 billion dollars annually from tourism, while Pakistan generates only a fraction of that amount. The LAHAR initiative represents a deliberate effort to recalibrate this imbalance and reshape the country’s cultural economy.
The Walled City is being physically rewoven. The Shah Alam Gate to Rang Mahal Chowk corridor becomes a pedestrian walkway. Eight royal pathways, Bhati, Mochi, Delhi, Yakki, Masti Gate, among them, are being restored to their original architectural character, served by zero-emission electric tourist carts consistent with the low-emission heritage zone models of Kyoto and Florence. The Lahore Fort’s historic perimeter wall is being rebuilt in two phases: Taxali Gate to Bhati Gate first, Yakki Gate to Masti Gate to follow. The revival of the Walled City’s drainage channels folds climate resilience into restoration, a principle Amsterdam has applied for decades, maintaining its historic canal network as both cultural heritage and active flood management, increasingly relevant as South Asian cities face urban flooding at scales their old infrastructure was never designed to absorb.
What makes LAHAR more than a conservation programme is its understanding that the old city was never just buildings. A policy document has identified 36 artisan-linked streets within the historic core; leather workers, textile craftsmen, woodcarvers, tile makers and communities whose skills are themselves heritage. UNESCO estimates that creative industries contribute over three percent of global GDP and employ around 30 million people. Integrating Lahore’s craft corridors into the tourism economy is not sentiment; it is a legitimate employment strategy, particularly for the city’s youth.
Pak Tea House will be restored. Maryam Zamani Mosque, Baoli Bagh, and the structures around Neela Gumbad will follow. Historic road names and the original identities of colleges that predate their elevation to universities will be reinstated, a gesture Prague made after 1989, restoring pre-communist street names as an act of civic memory. Eighteen kanals near Data Darbar will be acquired at market rate for the complex’s expansion.
The deeper ambition is a reordering of how Pakistan thinks about development. For too long, progress meant replacement, severing the thread between a city’s past and its future. Warsaw rebuilt its entire Old Town from wartime rubble using 18th-century paintings as blueprints. It is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The cities that endure are the ones that remember. If LAHAR holds, if budgets are maintained, institutions are staffed and the communities inside the Walled City are partners rather than afterthoughts, what comes back will not just be the old city. It will be something Lahore has not quite been before: a model.
The writer is a Lahore-based public policy analyst and can be reached at [email protected]