Signs of the upcoming monsoon season are already visible, as weather reports from various cities in Pakistan highlight rising temperatures and early rains. In Lahore, temperatures have reached 43°C with scattered thunderstorms, while Islamabad recorded highs of 42C under partly cloudy skies. Similar conditions are developing in other cities, signalling the start of a season that brings both hopes for rain and fear of flooding.
Each year, Pakistan faces floods of varying severity during the monsoon. The devastating floods of 2022 were a turning point, affecting over 33 million people, taking more than 1,700 lives, and causing damages estimated at over $40 billion (according to UN and Government of Pakistan reports). Several major factors contributed to such disasters:
Rising global temperatures have made the monsoon rains heavier and longer. Experts say the 2022 rains were up to 50% more intense because of climate change.
Climate Change: Rising global temperatures have made the monsoon rains heavier and longer. Experts say the 2022 rains were up to 50% more intense because of climate change. Poor Disaster Planning: Weak coordination between departments, delayed actions, and lack of awareness reduce the country’s ability to deal with floods in time. Lack of Small Dams: Pakistan does not have enough small or medium-sized dams, especially in areas like Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, to store or control rainwater.
Old and Faulty Infrastructure: Many drainage systems and canals are outdated, damaged, or poorly planned, which leads to more flooding.
Uncontrolled Urban Growth: Construction in low-lying and risky areas without proper planning increases flood damage, especially in big cities.
Deforestation: Cutting down trees has reduced the land’s ability to absorb water, leading to faster and more severe flooding.
Blocked Natural Water Paths: Illegal buildings and dumping of waste in rivers and streams often block the natural flow of water.
There is a need to find ways to avoid any flood conditions in the coming monsoon season. The following practical and effective measures can help reduce the risk:
Public awareness campaigns through TV, radio, and social media to educate communities about flood preparedness and safety measures.
Planting more trees to improve soil absorption and reduce surface runoff. Building proper water storage systems, such as small dams and rainwater harvesting structures, to manage excess rainfall.
Clearing and maintaining drainage systems to ensure smooth flow of water during heavy rains.
Stopping construction in flood-prone areas to prevent damage to life and property. Strengthening emergency response plans, including early warning systems and quick relief efforts during disasters.
Use smart technology and mapping
Satellite tools and flood maps can help track risks and plan quick actions in danger zones.
Engage Local Communities
Forming local committees and training volunteers in flood response, first aid, and water safety ensures quicker action at the grassroots level and builds a culture of preparedness. From past experiences, it is evident that every monsoon season in Pakistan grows more intense due to climate change. Each year, lives are lost, infrastructure is damaged, and gallons of rainwater are wasted-issues that repeat due to lack of planning. Now is the time to take urgent, practical steps to prevent another disaster and manage the rainy season effectively. Both the government and the public must recognize the threat of climate change and work together to adopt green, sustainable practices. Change at every level-from individuals to communities-can help reduce the deadly impact of future climate events.
The writer is an economist and freelance columnist writing on social and economic shifts.