The EU’s drug regulator will decide Monday whether to approve a Covid jab by Novavax, which uses a more conventional technology that the US biotech firm hopes will reduce vaccine hesitancy. Novavax’s jab, a protein-based vaccine of the kind used around the world to protect against many childhood illnesses, would be the fifth coronavirus shot authorised for the European Union. Approval would also be a boost for the Maryland company, whose jab has been plagued by delays. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) said its human medicines committee would hold an extraordinary meeting to decide on Novavax on Monday, and “will communicate the outcome”. The EU has already signed a deal to buy up to 200 million doses of the two-shot vaccine pending approval by the Amsterdam-based watchdog. Novavax says its vaccine showed 90.4 percent efficacy against Covid-19 in a North American trial. Chief executive Stanley Erck said the firm “looks forward to providing an additional vaccine option in Europe, built on a proven, well-understood technology platform”. The vaccine “may help address major obstacles to global vaccination, including global distribution challenges and vaccine hesitancy”, Erck added. All vaccines work by teaching the body’s immune system to attack the coronavirus, but they do it in different ways. Novavax’s so-called protein subunit technology is already tried and tested, having been used for decades to vaccinate people against diseases including hepatitis B and whooping cough. It also means it does not have to be stored in ultra-low temperatures, potentially giving it a logistical edge over some other jabs. ‘Production problems’ Novavax uses tiny, lab-made fragments of a protein found on the surface of the coronavirus spike. When injected, these trigger a reaction by the immune system, so that if it later comes into contact with the Covid virus, it knows to attack it. By contrast, the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines have dominated the global Covid response using pioneering, but hitherto largely untested Messenger RNA (mRNA) technology. They use a molecule of genetic material known as RNA to deliver a message to cells to produce the spike protein themselves. The body’s immune system then learns to recognise the protein and attack it. The viral vector approach used by AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson works on a similar principle, but delivers the genetic message via a version of the common cold adenovirus as a “vector”. Rare but serious side effects of heart inflammation have been reported with the mRNA vaccines, and blood clots with the viral vector vaccines. But Novavax has struggled with months of delays amid what a group of MEPs recently called “production problems”. Indonesia and the Philippines have already approved the Novavax jab, while Japan has agreed to buy 150 million doses. Novavax says it has also filed for approval in Britain, India, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and with the World Health Organization. The company has also said it is “evaluating its vaccine against the Omicron variant” and working on an Omicron-specific version.