A new study by researchers in the United States and Norway indicates that teenagers who do smoke daily are reporting more health complaints than in years past.
Marc Braverman, lead author and a professor in the College of Public Health and Human Sciences at Oregon State University (OSU), said while smoking is on the decline among adults and adolescents in most places around the world, “Some adolescents smoke as an attempt to cope with their health problems, and that subgroup may represent a growing proportion of teen smokers. Teens who smoke report significantly higher levels of health complaints than non-smoking teens, and we found that this gap has widened over the years, even as the overall prevalence of teen smoking has dropped.”
For the study, published in the journal Nicotine & Tobacco Research, researchers at OSU and their colleagues at University of Bergen and Norwegian Institute of Public Health used data from the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study, an international collaborative project sponsored by the World Health Organisation that began in the 1980s and currently includes 43 countries, where surveys of 11-, 13- and 15-year-olds are conducted every four years.
The researchers examined smoking behaviour and health problems among 15-year-olds over five waves of the survey, from 1993-94 to 2009-10, in Norway, which saw dramatic declines in smoking rates over that time period; and as part of the survey, the students were asked about their smoking behaviour and how often they experienced subjective physical and psychological health complaints such as headache, stomach-ache, backache, dizziness, irritability, nervousness, feeling “low” and sleep difficulties.
In addition to health complaints, the researchers found that girls, in general, reported more complaints than boys, and the difference between the sexes was significantly larger among smoking teens than non-smoking teens. In particular, girls who smoked daily reported higher levels of complaints than any other subgroup, Braverman said, adding that the data did not allow for an explanation of the reason for the finding, but the study raises concerns that adolescent girls might be at especially high risk for health problems associated with smoking.