Dr Zafar Khan Safdar

Pakistan with a rich history and a complex political landscape has been plagued by recurring episodes of political instability since its inception. Pakistan emerged as a separate nation in 1947 following the partition of British India. Its early years were marked by political turmoil with the death of Quaid-i-Azam in 1948 and the assassination of […]

The pursuit of knowledge through research is a fundamental pillar of higher education. Research is the lifeblood of academia, driving innovation, progress and the dissemination of knowledge. Universities and educational institutions play a pivotal role in fostering research culture, yet concerns have been raised about the quality and integrity of research conducted in Pakistani universities. […]

Pakistan saw over 2867 fatalities in terrorist attacks last year, a 50 percent increase from 2021 and thrice the number in 2020. This surge in violence has raised concerns about TTP (Tehreek Taliban Pakistan) based in Afghanistan carrying out attacks on Pakistan. The group, formed in 2007 out of militant networks in the border region, […]

Former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, following general elections in 2013, stated in an NDTV interview that civilian supremacy over the military is essential, asserting that the prime minister is the boss, not the army chief and that everyone must reside within the defined boundaries of the constitution. This statement was unprecedented in Pakistani politics. While […]

The India-Pakistan conflict has been a long-standing rivalry, with both countries engaging in a continuous battle on the ground and in the realm of narratives. This war of narratives is an integral part of the broader Indo-Pak conflict, as both nations strive to shape international perceptions, domestic opinions, and their self-image. The roots of the […]

Democracy is a government system where citizens have equal participation in decision-making processes, including legislation. It is characterized by an implicit bargain between government representatives and citizens, with legitimacy based on citizens’ expectations. The term ‘democracy’ has been used since ancient Greek historian Herodotus to describe political systems, particularly Athens, following a popular uprising in […]

Skills development is crucial in response to global trends like automation, climate action, digitalization, and shrinking labour force. Education needs to adapt to support economic growth and individual self-sufficiency. This requires updating the curriculum, revising textbooks, retraining instructors, and acknowledging that individuals are responsible for these tasks. Pakistan, the fifth most populous country globally, faces […]

The relationship between Pakistan and Afghanistan is marked by historical, cultural, and geopolitical complexities. The two neighbouring countries share a porous border, a common Pashtun ethnicity, and a history intertwined with various civilizations and empires. The historical roots of Pakistan-Afghanistan relations run deep into the pre-independence period when the territories that now constitute these two […]

The dynamic personality of Quaid-e-Azam was a combination of the characteristics of the eminent leaders of the world. He had the acumen of Ata Turk, the charisma of Churchill, the dignity of De Gaulle, the frankness of Faisal, the greatness of Gandhi, the magnetism of Mandela and the rationality of Roosevelt. Former US President Clinton […]

Population pressure has a major effect on the per capita income, health, education, unemployment, inequality, and resource depletion in impoverished nations. Economic results that are favourable to an individual’s tastes and attitudes include more income and well-paying jobs. Pakistan’s population strategy needs to take into account the socioeconomic conditions of the country, emphasising the outcomes […]