UN Recognition Against India
Pakistan achieved a major diplomatic victory in December 2025 when a UN expert report officially identified India as the aggressor in the April 22 attack in Occupied Jammu and Kashmir’s Pahalgam region. The report highlighted violations of fundamental human rights, including access to water, food, personal security, and environmental protection. Despite India’s extensive lobbying, the international community supported Pakistan’s position, boosting its global legitimacy.
Strengthened Ties with Saudi Arabia
Pakistan and Saudi Arabia enhanced their strategic partnership through high-level political and military engagements. Field Marshal Asim Munir received the King Abdulaziz Medal of Excellent Class for strengthening bilateral relations. The countries expanded joint training, security coordination, and defence cooperation, while Saudi Arabia committed to significant investments in energy, infrastructure, and mineral sectors.
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Reinvigorated Relations with the United States
Pakistan’s practical cooperation with the United States gained momentum in 2025 through economic, security, and trade agreements. Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Field Marshal Asim Munir facilitated initiatives for IMF programme alignment, climate finance projects, and US private sector investment in energy, IT, and mineral development, strengthening trust and operational collaboration.
Enhanced China-Pakistan Strategic Partnership
Pakistan and China elevated their “all-weather strategic partnership” through CPEC 2.0 and high-level agreements worth over $8.5 billion, covering energy, technology, agriculture, and regional connectivity. Key milestones included quantum technology cooperation and the launch of five new development corridors, cementing a durable, multi-dimensional alliance.
Active Role in Regional Diplomacy
Pakistan actively supported Palestinian rights and regional stability by endorsing the US-backed Hamas peace plan, advocating ceasefire implementation, and condemning violations by Israeli forces in Gaza. Additionally, Pakistan-Iran relations strengthened through state visits, high-level meetings, and bilateral trade exceeding $3 billion, covering security, energy, agriculture, and cultural exchange.
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Strategic Partnerships with Turkey and Afghanistan Policy
Pakistan reinforced its historic bonds with Turkey, signing 24 agreements across trade, defence, energy, culture, and health sectors while committing to increase trade to $5 billion. Its principled stance on Afghanistan, focusing on border security and counter-terrorism, received support from the UN, China, Russia, and Iran, showcasing Pakistan’s role as a stabilising regional force.