Europe is facing growing pressure on jet fuel supplies, with current stockpiles estimated to cover less than one month of demand as renewed tensions in the Middle East threaten global energy routes. Although European countries have increased imports and refinery production, experts warn that supply risks remain high during the busy summer travel season.
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Britain, France and Germany are considered among the most vulnerable because Europe relies heavily on jet fuel shipments passing through the Strait of Hormuz. Industry estimates indicate the region could face a supply deficit of nearly 600,000 barrels per day during the third quarter, while the United States and Asia-Pacific are expected to maintain comfortable fuel surpluses over the same period.
To strengthen supplies, Europe has increased jet fuel imports from the United States, Canada, Nigeria, India, Kuwait and South Korea while refiners have expanded domestic production. Imports reached about 673,000 barrels per day in June, the highest level since October 2025, helping prevent immediate shortages despite continued uncertainty in global energy markets.
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Meanwhile, European officials have acknowledged that fuel supplies could tighten further before the end of the summer holiday season if disruptions continue. The European Union has indicated it is prepared to coordinate the release of national fuel reserves if necessary, while several refiners, including major producers in Italy, have increased output to support domestic demand and reduce dependence on imports.
Jet fuel prices in northwest Europe have fallen significantly from record highs reached earlier this year, easing some financial pressure on airlines. However, analysts believe passengers are unlikely to see cheaper airfares because travel demand remains strong and airline capacity is still limited after carriers adjusted flight schedules to manage fuel availability.