Daily Times

If the protection of the life, liberty and property of its citizens is the primary duty of any state, then the Islamic Republic of Pakistan has totally failed to discharge its duties, its more than a million-strong armed forces (army, paramilitary and police), hundreds of tanks, squadrons of F-16s, many ‘sensitive’ and not-so-sensitive agencies notwithstanding. As a consequence, citizens are speaking with their feet. They are fleeing in droves. No, it is not the result of war, pestilence or famine. For some, it is the very high probability of deliberate murder, loss of limb or property. For most, it is the pervasive fear of violence. Life in Pakistan today is teetering on the brink. The country is fast becoming unfit for human habitation! Muhammad Iqbal is distraught over the stoning death of his pregnant wife by her own father, brothers and other relatives in front of a high court in broad daylight, in full view of the public and police. And just when Iqbal was beginning to gather sympathy, we learnt that his own two hands had snuffed the life out of his first wife, whom he strangled to death. But Iqbal walked free from her murder, pardoned by their son in exchange for money. It is more than likely that the killers of his second wife will also walk free. Not by running away from the law but by ‘bribing’ their way out, under the law, if law it may be called.

What law you ask? The so-called ‘law’ under which the victim’s closest kin can pardon the killer in exchange for blood-money. What is wrong with the law? Nothing, except that it was good at a time and a place where there were no courts, no police and no jails, where murders led to incessant blood-letting and interminable clan and tribal warfare. Then, the option of compensation for blood ended revenge killings and allowed normal life to resume. Now, a complete mockery of justice is made in the name of a perverted application of religious tenets or archaic traditions. Laws have become meaningless anyway in a country where the writ of the state does not extend far and where hatred is preached from the pulpit. It is fast becoming a war of all against all. And we have nowhere to run for safety except foreign countries. It has just been reported that, among the thousands of potential migrants waiting in the Libyan coastal city of Misrata to catch a boat to Europe, there are many Pakistanis. Many more of them are waiting in Indonesia to catch a boat to Australia. And having missed the boat to Australia, some have instead ended up in Nauru and Papua New Guinea. Anywhere but home, please! They are fleeing the motherland to escape persecution of various kinds and from a variety of sources, including some discriminatory and oppressive provisions of the constitution. Where the constitution fails them, the self-proclaimed agents of God take the law into their own hands, defying the state with guns and bombs. We have reached a point where those who can, flee, those who cannot, pray, plead and hope for the best. The flight started at inception, with Hindus and Sikhs running for their lives, having been declared ‘minorities’ who would at best be second class citizens of a state that was carved out as a homeland for Muslims. Lest they failed to read the fine print of the law, or did not read between the lines, mobs were let loose to drive home the point, killing, looting and raping Hindus and Sikhs who had lived on this land as long as anyone else, perhaps longer.

As the numbers of citizens belonging to these ‘minorities’ dwindled, new ones were added to the list. Ahmedis were the first, unofficially in the beginning (1953), but codified later (1974 onwards). In a remarkable arithmetical twist, the country’s ethno-linguistic majority, namely East Bengalis who constituted 56 percent of the total population, were effectively treated as a minority from the very start. General Ayub Khan, powerbroker from 1954 in his capacity as army commander-in-chief and defence minister, and head of state and government from 1958 to 1969, wrote thus about the people of East Bengal: they “have all the inhibitions of downtrodden races and have not yet found it possible to adjust psychologically to the requirement of the new-born freedom.” So, when the ‘downtrodden’ East Bengalis behaved differently, demanding the fruits of the “new-born freedom” and dropping hints of possible secession if denied their rights, it was the ‘superior races’ of West Pakistan who found it impossible to ‘adjust psychologically’. Unlike the non-Muslim minorities, however, the Muslim majority of East Bengal could not be easily coerced into submission. A brutal war was unleashed against them to put them in their place.

Attention has since turned to Christians and Shias, who now live in Pakistan at their own peril. As for the treatment of women, statistics speak louder than words. There are nearly a thousand reported cases of ‘honour killing’ of women in Pakistan every year. And about that number are rotting in jails — men, women and children, accused of blasphemy. Nearly half belong to the majority, dominant Sunni sect. Fear grips everyone; no one feels safe. If it is not one’s religion or sect, it could be just a slip of the tongue or the trashing of a few printed pages with Arabic words on it, which could provoke mobs into a murderous frenzy. And not even that. A mere accusation of blasphemy, even a patently false one, would have the same consequence. What better than to borrow the words of Thomas Hobbes (1651) to describe this madness: Pakistanis now live “in that condition which is called war; and such a war as is of every man against every man…continual fear, and danger of violent death.”

The writer is a former academic with a doctorate in modern history and can be contacted at www.raziazmi.com or raziazmi@hotmail.com