A 15-month-old boy was paralysed by wild poliovirus in the first such case in 15 months. This is the third case of wild polio to be recorded globally in 2022. The type-1 wild poliovirus (WPV1) was confirmed in the child from North Waziristan on April 22, 2022 by the Pakistan National polio laboratory at the NIH, Islamabad, with the onset of paralysis on April 9. The Pakistan polio laboratory also confirmed the detection of a positive environmental sample collected on April 5 from Bannu district of the same province. Both the viruses are closely related to each other. Pakistan had reported one case last year with onset on January 27 in Killa Abdullah, Balochistan. “This is, of course, a tragedy for the child and his family and it is also very unfortunate both for Pakistan and polio eradication efforts all over the world. We are disappointed but not deterred,” Secretary Health Aamir Ashraf said. “The case has appeared in Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa where the poliovirus was detected in the environment late last year and where an emergency action plan is already being implemented.” The health secretary added, “The National and Provincial Polio Emergency Operations Centres have deployed teams to conduct a full investigation of the recent case, while emergency immunisation campaigns are underway to prevent further spread of the wild poliovirus in Pakistan.” Southern Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa had been identified by the polio programme as the area most at risk after wild poliovirus was detected in environmental samples in the last quarter of 2021. Positive environmental samples of wild poliovirus in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa had been found in DI Khan and Bannu divisions. “This validates the programme’s concerns about virus circulation in Southern KP and strengthens our resolve to reach every child with the polio vaccine,” National Emergency Operations Centre (NEOC) Coordinator Dr Shahzad Baig said. To address the challenges in Southern K-P, the government and global polio partners had already initiated an emergency action plan to address the challenges in this part of the province,” Dr Baig added. In 2020, the KP reported 22 cases, while no wild poliovirus cases were recorded in the province last year. Substantial progress has been made recently, with most areas accessible to implement immunisation campaigns, but deep-rooted problems and security concerns remain in limited areas. Despite the challenges, the programme’s brave frontline workers continue to reach children with the life-saving vaccine. Wild poliovirus types 2 and 3 have been eradicated globally, while WPV1 cases are at a historic low. Two other WPV1 cases have been reported this year, one each in Afghanistan and Malawi.