Turkey’s civil society swung from hope to despair Tuesday after counter-terror police detained leading rights defender Osman Kavala just hours after a court ordered his release from jail. Kavala and eight other defendants were acquitted by a court outside Istanbul in the highly controversial “Gezi Park” trial. But within hours, a new warrant from the Istanbul prosecutor’s office called for his arrest as part of an investigation into a failed 2016 coup against President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s government, and under the charge of attempting to overthrow the constitutional order. After his release from the heavily-guarded prison complex in Silivri outside Istanbul, where he has spent more than 800 days in pre-trial detention, the official Anadolu news agency said Kavala was taken by police to an Istanbul hospital for health checks before being formally detained. The judge had earlier said there was “not enough concrete evidence” that he and the other defendants sought to overthrow the government. Seven other defendants, who remain on the run, were not formally acquitted. Kavala, the only defendant kept in jail throughout the trial, faced a life sentence without parole if convicted for his alleged role in orchestrating the “Gezi Park” protests of 2013 that presented the first major challenge to Erdogan, then prime minister. News of a fresh arrest came as supporters waited for him to be released from the Silivri court and prison complex, and was met with shocked silence, while his wife Ayse Bugra was visibly upset. Kavala has became a symbol of what critics say is a crackdown on civil society under Erdogan, and received loud cheers as he left the packed courtroom in Silivri. ‘Cynical and outrageous’ The mass protests of 2013 began over plans to demolish Gezi Park — one of the only green spaces in Istanbul’s centre — but quickly spiralled into broader demonstrations against the government. Critics have called the Gezi trial “a mockery” in which the prosecution failed to present any evidence of wrong-doing by the defendants. And the re-arrest of Kavala on new charges sparked condemnation from rights advocates. “This is a vindictive and lawless move, further demonstrating that Turkey’s justice system is under tight political control,” Emma Sinclair-Webb, of Human Rights Watch, told AFP. Amnesty International slammed the “cynical and outrageous detention” and called for his immediate release. “This decision smacks of deliberate and calculated cruelty,” Amnesty’s Turkey campaigner Milena Buyum said in a statement. “It is time for Turkey to end the relentless crackdown on dissenting voices.” Criticisms In December, the European Court of Human Rights heavily criticised the quality of the Gezi Park prosecution. It ruled that the 657-page indictment against Kavala lacked “facts, information or evidence” to raise even the suspicion that he helped organise the protests, let alone attempted to overthrow the government, and called for his immediate release. The Turkish court still put Kavala and the other defendants through two more hearings in December and January. Among the criticisms of the trial was the fact that defence lawyers were denied the chance to cross-examine the key government witness, identified as Murat Papuc, when he gave evidence in December after he claimed his life was in danger.