The presidents of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan signed a deal on Thursday on demarcating their shared frontier, seeking to end a long-running border conflict that has seen dozens killed in skirmishes in recent years. The two sides clashed repeatedly over the border around the Kyrgyz town of Batken in 2021 and 2022, culminating in a six-day conflict in September 2022. The deal, signed by Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov and his Tajik counterpart Emomali Rakhmon in Kyrgyzstan’s capital Bishkek, also provided for the reopening of road, rail and air transport links between the two that had been suspended since the battles of September 2022. Disputes over the two countries’ 970 km (600 mile) shared border date from Soviet times, when Moscow first drew up frontiers in ethnically mixed parts of Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan both host Russian military bases and maintain warm relations with Russia, where many of their nationals migrate for employment.