When Sonali Singh was little, she would beg then brawl with her brother for a turn on his video games. Her mother would broker peace by handing Singh a story book. “It’s our Indian culture. Girls don’t play games,” Singh said. Fast forward to adulthood and Singh now works remotely as a software engineer for a big US university, adding an extra 50-60% to her already high earnings playing video games by night. Singh’s success comes as India’s $1.5-billion-dollar gaming industry grows rapidly and opens up – slowly – to a generation of women and girls who play, earn and even date via video games. But female players say they face a barrage of abuse when they talk to fellow gamers online, with rape threats a daily hazard. Add to that abuse the vastly lower prizes offered in female tournaments, and gamers and industry experts say the eplaying field is far from fair, despite all the gains made. “Women are carving out a space for themselves in an industry that has traditionally been dominated by men,” said Salone Sehgal, founding general partner of Lumikai, a gaming-focused venture capital fund. According to a recent report released by Lumikai, 43% of India’s 507 million gamers are female – the first year they have counted players by gender. With 27.3% of India’s 1.4 billion population aged between 15 and 29, its gaming population is growing by 12% a year. Cheap access to smartphones and the internet has brought mobile games to India’s masses and now their appetite is huge. Indians consumed more mobile games last year than players in any other country, notching up a combined 15 billion downloads. That has unlocked new revenue opportunities for female gamers, particularly in the competitive esports world, experts say. Esports – which gained huge new popularity during COVID-19 lockdown – refers to competitive gaming, where players train, win sponsorship deals and play in global tournaments. The percentage of female players in competitive esports has risen from 12% in 2020 to 22% in 2022, according to the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry. Income streams After decades of campaigning for recognition as a mainstream sport, India’s gaming industry last year broke away from other online games such as poker, which is banned in some states that want to crack down on gambling. Competitive gamers chase the same sort of fame and fortune enjoyed by cricket and tennis stars through international tournaments and lucrative brand sponsorships. But the gains have largely gone to male players. According to the Esports Federation of India, women can win about $1,200 at a tournament, whereas open tournaments – which are dominated by male teams – offer prizes 100 times bigger. Yet there are gains to be won beyond the cash, said Sehgal, even as women top up their prize money with streaming fees and brand sponsorships. “Their increased visibility in the tech industry can help break down gender stereotypes and encourage more women to pursue careers in tech-related fields,” she said. With more games featuring female protagonists, and plots that resonate strongly with women, she said the gaming industry was changing to include and encourage women players. Khushveen Kaur is a 21-year-old esports athlete who plays for GodLike, a leading pro team. She started playing video games when she was 6, and became a pro gamer at the age of 17. When Kaur first started playing competitively, boys picked on her. But as she got better, her peers took note. Their appreciation and camaraderie helped her overcome depression. “I became more confident,” she said. And as she changed, so did her industry. “People started organising girls-only or women-only tournaments to push women forward, to create a safe space,” said Kaur, whose sole income is gaming, such is her success. “Three of four years ago, girls never got any opportunities. But I earn enough to live a good life.” Online abuse But India’s female gaming boom has come at a cost. When Singh turns on her microphone to say ‘hello’, she is pelted with abuse. Rape threats and sexist taunts echo down her headphones as she parachutes to remote islands to slay enemies. “It’s horrible the kinds of things men say. The worst things a girl can hear,” says Singh, who goes by the online moniker PlayLikeIncognito. The level of online vitriol is high. A 2023 survey by Local Circles – a community social media platform – found that eight in 10 urban Indian women use the internet and 86% of them expressed concerns about being trolled, harassed, abused or subjected to cybercrimes. In 2021, Singh was asked to lead an all-girl team in an online tournament with a prize pool of about $122,300. Instead of celebrating the tournament’s first all-girl team, the people streaming the tournament called them “free kills” – or easy targets, she said. The female players were also derided as a “reservation” – India’s term for a quota to bolster marginalised groups. “My DMs (direct messages) filled up with hate,” she said. “All these keyboard warriors… I just didn’t want to play. Lokesh Suji, director of the Esports Federation of India, admitted there was work still to be done. He said the industry tries to stamp out abuse and that he would like to see women grow as rich as the top men in gaming. But, ultimately, Suji said: “Its our culture — we don’t really encourage girls to play.”